Interactions were also tested for inclusion, but none were retained in the final model. The overall model (Table II) was significant (r2=0.32; P=0.0005).The variables that, significantly predicted TD within the model were age (OR=1.04, P=0.047), PANSS total score (OR=1.02, P=0.014),. DRD3 gly9 allele carrier status (OR=4.39, P=0.006), and HTR2A 102CC genotype (OR=4.18, P=0.02). MNSOD ala9 allele carrier status and HTR2C ser23 allele carrier
status were retained Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical in the overall model, but were not, significant. In this manner, 70.3% of cases could be correctly classified, compared with 60.2% prior to entry of the variables. Table II. Logistic regression predicting tardive dyskinesia including background, clinical, and genetic variables. PANSS, Positive
and Negative Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Syndrome Scale; CI, confidence interval. *102TT genotype is reference category. Significant values highlighted in bold … The model described here is not, find more sensitive enough to have clinical utility. It is based on a single small sample of subjects, and may not, be generalizable to other samples and populations. While recognizing these limitations, the model does support the concept that a combination of background, clinical, and genetic variables could potentially be used to evaluate a priori the risk for TD in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical that have the potential to induce this adverse effect. Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical This approach could be extended to other pharmacogenetic phenotypes, and ultimately allow the development, of clinically viable pharmacogenetic tests that, will serve as the basis for a rational assessment of cost-benefit ratios in the choice of treatment with antipsychotics and
other antipsychotic drugs. Selected abbreviations and acronyms AIMS Abnormal Involuntary Movements Scale EPS extrapyramidal symptoms FGA first-generation antipsychotic 5-HT serotonin PANSS Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale SGA second-generation antipsychotic TD tardive dyskinesia Notes Supported in part by grants from the Israel Inhibitors,research,lifescience,medical Ministry of Science (Indian-Israeli Human Genome Cooperation) and the Office of the Chief Scientist, Israel Ministry of Health. The authors thank Kyra Kanyas, MA, for assistance DNA ligase with statistical analysis.
Motor deficits arc common and disabling symptoms in schizophrenic patients, and have an enormous impact on the long-term outcome of the disease by affecting work performance and daily functioning. A major problem for the clinician is that motor disturbances in schizophrenic patients can be caused by dopamine-blocking antipsychotic medication, but they can also be a primary symptom of the disorder itself. This is quite obvious in catatonic schizophrenia, but, even in noncatatonic schizophrenic patients, subtle disturbances of psychomotor performance-the so-called neurological soft signs-can frequently be observed.