NBR1 is a ubiquitin-binding scaffold protein importantly participating in autophagic degradation of ubiquitinated proteins. Whereas abnormalities of p62, a ubiquitin-binding protein, were previously described in s-IBM, abnormalities of NBR1 have not been reported in s-IBM. We have now identified in s-IBM muscle biopsies that NBR1, by: (a) immunohistochemistry, was strongly accumulated

within s-IBM muscle-fiber aggregates, where it closely co-localized with p62, ubiquitin, and phosphorylated tau; (b) immunoblots, was increased threefold (p < 0.001); and (c) immunoprecipitation, was associated with p62 and LC3. By real-time PCR, NBR1 mRNA was increased twofold (p < 0.01). None of the various disease- and AZD2014 PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibitor normal-control muscle biopsies had any NBR1 abnormality. In cultured human muscle fibers, NBR1 also physically associated AZD7762 chemical structure with both p62 and LC3, and experimental inhibition of either the 26S proteasome or the lysosomal activity resulted in NBR1 increase. Our demonstration of NBR1 abnormalities in s-IBM provides further evidence that altered protein degradation pathways may be critically involved in the s-IBM pathogenesis. Accordingly, attempts to unblock defective protein degradation might be a therapeutic strategy for s-IBM patients.”
“OBJECTIVE: Reconstruction of the cranial base using vascularized tissue promotes rapid and complete healing, thus

avoiding complications caused by persistent communication between the cranial cavity and the sinonasal tract. The Hadad-Bassagasteguy

flap (HBF), a neurovascular pedicled flap Tariquidar cell line of the nasal septum mucoperiosteurn and mucoperichondrium based on the nasoseptal artery, seems to be advantageous for the reconstruction of the cranial base after endonasal cranial base surgery.\n\nMETHODS: We performed a retrospective review of patients who underwent endonasal cranial base surgery at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center from January 30, 2006 to January 30, 2007, identifying patients who experienced reconstruction with a vascularized septal mucosal flap (HBF). We analyzed the demographic data, pathological characteristics, site and extent of resection, use of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) diversion techniques, and outcome.\n\nRESULTS: Seventy-five patients who underwent endonasal cranial base endoscopic surgery received repair with the HBF In this population, we encountered eight postoperative CSF leaks (10.66%), all in patients who required intra-arachnoidal dissection. When we correct the statistical analysis to include only patients with intra-arachnoidal lesions, the postoperative CSF leak rate is 14.5% (eight of 55 patients). It is notable that six CSF (33%) leaks occurred in our first 25 repairs, whereas we encountered only two postoperative leaks (4%) in the last 50 patients. The corrected CSF leak rate, considering only intra-arachnoidal lesions, was two (5.4%) of 37 patients.

Total P or total N in plants was linearly correlated with total plant biomass, but the slope was steep only between total P and biomass in fertilized soil samples. In spite of high phosphatase activity in ECM tips, P availability remained a limiting nutrient in soil samples from unfertilized stands. Nevertheless young P. pinaster seedlings showed a high plasticity for biomass production at low P availability in soils.”
“The aim of the present study was to estimate the associations between the prevalence of asthma symptoms in schoolchildren and meteorological variables in west European countries

that participated in the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC), Phase III Stem Cell Compound Library 1997-2003. An ecologic study was carried out. The prevalence of asthma was obtained from this study from 48 centers in 14 countries, and meteorological variables from those stations closest to ISAAC centers, together with other socioeconomic and health care variables. Multilevel mixed-effects linear regression models were used. For schoolchildren aged 6-7 years, the prevalence rate of asthma decreased with an increase in mean annual sunshine hours, showed a positive association with rainy weather, and warm temperature, and a negative one with relative humidity and physician density (PD). Current wheeze prevalence was stronger in autumn/winter seasons and decreased with increasing PD. Severe

current wheeze decreased with PD. For schoolchildren find more aged 13-14 years, the prevalence rates of asthma and current wheeze increased with rainy weather, and these rates decreased with increased PD. Current wheeze, as measured by a video questionnaire, was inversely associated with sunny weather, and nurse density. Severe current wheeze prevalence was stronger during autumn/winter seasons, decreased with PD, and indoor chlorinated public swimming pool selleck screening library density, and increased with rainy weather. Meteorological factors, including sunny and rainy weather, and PD may have some effect on the prevalence rates of asthma symptoms

in children from west European countries.”
“The evolutionary foundations of helping among nonkin in humans have been the object of intense debates in the past decades. One thesis has had a prominent influence in this debate: the suggestion that genuine altruism, strictly defined as a form of help that comes at a net fitness cost for the benefactor, might have evolved owing to cultural transmission. The gene-culture coevolution literature is wont to claim that cultural evolution changes the selective pressures that normally act to limit the emergence of altruistic behaviours. This paper aims to recall, however, that cultural transmission yields altruism only to the extent that it relies on maladaptive mechanisms, such as conformist imitation and (in some cases) payoff-biased transmission.

“
“Purpose: To detect and identify the aetiological agent in the peripheral blood from the cases of neonatal sepsis. Materials and Methods: Four neonates from geographically different regions of South India presented with signs of neonatal sepsis and all the routine clinical and laboratory investigations were performed. Blood culture Crenolanib cell line by Bac T Alert 3D was negative. To establish the aetiology, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for eubacterial genome and

subsequent amplification with Gram positive and Gram negative primers were performed followed by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequencing. Results: PCR for the detection of eubacterial genome was positive Dinaciclib nmr in all the four neonates and further amplification with designed Gram positive and Gram negative primers revealed the presence of Gram negative bacteria. The amplicons were identified as Orientia tsutsugamushi in three neonates and Coxiella burnetti in the other neonate. Multalin analysis was done to further characterise the strain variation among the three strains. Conclusion: PCR-based DNA sequencing

is a rapid and reliable diagnostic tool to identify the aetiological agents of neonatal sepsis. This is the first case series of emerging Rickettsial neonatal sepsis in India.”
“A craniopharyngioma (CP) is an embryonic malformation of the sellar and parasellar region. The annual incidence

is 0.5-2.0 cases/million/year and approximately 60 % of CP are seen in adulthood. Craniopharyngiomas have the highest mortality of all pituitary tumors. Typical initial manifestations at diagnosis in adults are visual disturbances, hypopituitarism see more and symptoms of elevated intracranial pressure. The long-term morbidity is substantial with hypopituitarism, increased cardiovascular risk, hypothalamic damage, visual and neurological deficits, reduced bone health, and reduction in quality of life and cognitive function. Therapy of choice is surgery, followed by cranial radiotherapy in about half of the patients. The standardised overall mortality rate varies 2.88-9.28 in cohort studies. Patients with CP have a 3-19 fold higher cardiovascular mortality in comparison to the general population. Women with CP have an even higher risk.”
“The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetics, safety, and tolerability of voriconazole following intravenous-tooral switch regimens used with immunocompromised Japanese pediatric subjects (age 2 to smaller than 15 years) at high risk for systemic fungal infection. Twenty-one patients received intravenous-to-oral switch regimens based on a recent population pharmacokinetic modeling; they were given 9 mg/kg of body weight followed by 8 mg/kg of intravenous (i.v.

A series of endometrioid type (EEC) grades 1, 2, and 3 and serous type (SC) were immunostained for p53, p16, estrogen receptor, PTEN, IMP2, MP3, HER2, cyclin B2 and E1, HMGA2, FolR1, MSLN, Claudins 3 and 4, and NRF2. Nine biomarkers showed significant differences

with thresholds in IHC value scale between both types (p53 bigger than = 20, IMP2 bigger than = 115, IMP3 bigger than = 2, cyclin E1 bigger than = 220, HMGA2 bigger than = 30, FolR1 bigger than = 50, p16 bigger than = 170, nuclear PTEN bigger than = 2 and estrogen receptor smaller than = 50; P smaller than .005). This combination led to increased discrimination when considering cases satisfying 0 to 5 conditions predicted as EEC and those satisfying 6 to 9 conditions predicted as SC. This signature correctly predicted all 48 EEC grade 1-2 MS-275 in vivo cases and 18 SC cases, but 3 SC cases were wrongly predicted as EEC. Sensitivity was 86% (95% confidence check details interval [CI], 64%-97%), and specificity was 100% (95% CI, 89%-100%). The classifier correctly predicted all 28 EEC grade 3 cases but only

identified the EEC and SC components in 4 of 9 mixed EEC-SC. An independent validation series (29 EEC grades 1-2, 28 EEC grade 3, and 31 SC) showed 100% sensitivity (95% CI, 84%-100%) and 83% specificity (95% CI, 64%-94%). We propose an internally and externally validated 9-protein biomarker signature to predict the histologic type of EC (EEC or SC) by IHC. The results also suggest that mixed EEC-SC is molecularly ambiguous.

(C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“ObjectiveTo study the contribution of ADAM15, a disintegrin metalloproteinase that is up-regulated in the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial membrane, to the characteristic resistance of RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) to apoptosis induction by genotoxic stress or stimulation with GSK2118436 datasheet proapoptotic FasL, which is present at high concentrations in RA synovial fluid.\n\nMethodsCaspase 3/7 activity and the total apoptosis rate in RASFs upon exposure to the DNA-damaging agent camptothecin or FasL were determined using enzyme assays and annexin V staining. Phosphorylated signaling proteins were analyzed by immunoblotting. RNA interference was used to silence ADAM15 expression. NF-B activity was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.\n\nResultsRASFs displayed significantly higher caspase 3/7 activity upon camptothecin and FasL exposure when ADAM15 had been down-regulated by specific small interfering RNAs. Upon FasL stimulation, RASFs phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and c-Src (Src), and activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase as well as the transcription factor NF-B. This ADAM15-dependent, FasL-induced activation of antiapoptotic kinases and NF-B was demonstrated by a marked reduction of apoptosis upon knockdown of ADAM15 protein expression.

We show for the first time that Aphanizomenon ovalisporum isolated from a pond in this state has the genes putatively associated with CYN production. Analysis by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection (LC/MS)

revealed that it produced CYN in the range of 7.39-9.33 mu g mg(-1) freeze-dried cells. 16S rDNA sequences of this strain showed 99.6% and 99.9% identity to published A. ovalisporum and Anabaena bergii 16S sequences, respectively. These results help to explain the general lack of a defined relationship between the abundance of C raciborskii in freshwater ecosytems of Florida and observed concentrations of YH25448 nmr CYN. The latter observation raises the potential that previous reports of CYN may be coincidental with unrecorded presence of another

CYN-producing species. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Analysis for back fat thickness (BFAT) and daily body weight gains from birth to the end of a performance test were conducted to find an optimal method for estimation of weaning age this website effects and to ascertain impacts of weaning age on the growth performance of purebred Berkshire pigs from a closed population in Korea. Individual body weights were measured at birth (B), at weaning (W: mean, 22.9 d), at the beginning of the performance test (P: mean, 72.7 d), and at the end of the performance test (T: mean, 152.4 d). Further, the average daily gains in body weight (ADG) of 3,713 pigs were analyzed for the following periods: B to W (DGBW), W to P (DGWP), P to T (DGPT), B to P (DGBP), B to T (DGBT), and W to T (DGWT). Weaning ages ranged from 17 to 34 d, and were treated as fixed (WF), random with (WC) and random without (WU) consideration of an empirical relationship between weaning ages in the models. WF and WC produced the lowest AIC (Akaike Information Criterion) and least fractions of error variance components in multi-traits analysis, respectively. The fractions of variances

due to diverse weaning age and the weaning age correlations among ADGs of different stages (when no overlapping allowed) by WC ranged from 0.09 to 0.35 and from -0.03 ISRIB to 0.44, respectively. The maximum weaning age effects and optimal back fat thicknesses were attained at weaning ages of 27 to 32 d. With the exception of DGBW, the effects of weaning age on the ADGs increased (ranging from 1.50 g/d to 7.14 g/d) with increased weaning age. In addition, BFAT was reduced by 0.106 mm per increased day in weaning age. In conclusion, WC produced reasonable weaning age correlations, and improved the fitness of the model. Weaning age was one of crucial factors (comparable with heritability) influencing growth performance in Berkshire pigs. Further, these studies suggest that increasing weaning age up to 32 d can be an effective management strategy to improve growth performance.

The average birthrate was 0.47 +/- 0.13 births per female per year and mortality for infants younger than 20 months was 15.8%. From 1998 to 2006, 14 females gave birth to 41 infants in four focal

groups. The average age at first birth for female langurs was 5-6 years (n = 5) and the interbirth interval Lonafarnib (IBI) was 23.2 +/- 5.2 months (median = 24.5 months, n = 27). Infants are weaned at 19-21 months of age. The IBI for females with infant loss before weaning was significantly shorter than those for females whose infants survived. It appears that birth seasonality in the white-headed langurs is influenced by seasonal changes in food availability. The timing of conceptions was found to coincide with peak food availability. The reproductive parameters for white-headed langurs reported here are quite similar to those reported for other colobine species. One major difference is our observation of lower infant mortality in Trachypithecus. Am. J. Primatol. 71:558-566, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.”
“Objective: Cognitive factors have a central place in the etiology

and persistence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The aim of the study was to evaluate psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the AZD6244 in vitro Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44). Original factor structure of the OBQ-44 and discrimination characteristic of the instrument between OCD patients and nonclinical population were evaluated extensively in Turkish sample.\n\nMethods: Data were collected from 175 healthy subjects and 62 patients with OCD who applied to the Psychiatry LDN-193189 in vitro Clinic at Yuzuncu Yil University. Subjects were administered the SCID-I, the Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-44 (OBQ-44), the Padua Inventory

(PI-41), the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOKS), the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), the Thought Action Fusion Scale (TAFS), the White Bear Suppression Inventory (WBSI), the Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity (PIOS), the Penn State Worry Questionnaire (PSWQ), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Data were analyzed in order to evaluate the reliability and validity of the OBQ-44.\n\nResults: The three-factor original structure tested using confirmatory factor analysis was observed to be highly consistent with the data obtained from the study. OCD patients reported significantly higher scores on OBQ-44 rather than controls. Correlations of the OBQ-44 scores with psychological variables were generally significant. Inner consistency coefficient for the OBQ-44 was alpha 0,95 and test-retest correlation between two points at 30-day time course was r=0.79.\n\nConclusion: The Turkish version of the OBQ-44 has adequate validity and reliability in clinical and nonclinical Turkish sample.

Immunofluorescence revealed membrane and punctate cytoplasmic staining for KCC2. Low levels of cytosolic alpha A and alpha B crystallines, and neuron-specific enolase were also detected contrasting

selleck kinase inhibitor with the strong membrane immunofluorescence staining for the Na/K ATPase alpha 1 subunit. Since the lack of neuron-specific expression of the KCC2b variant in non-neuronal tissues has been proposed under control of a neuron-restrictive silencing element in the KCC2 gene, we hypothesize that this control may be lifted for the KCC2a variant in the FHL124 epithelial cell culture, a non-neuronal tissue of ectodermal origin. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Dietary behavior can worsen or prevent hypertension. see more However, data on the association between dietary behavior and the risk of hypertension in Asians are limited. The aim of this study was to determine these associations in Japanese male workers. We conducted a prospective study

of 30-71-year-old Japanese male workers in Osaka, Japan, between 2001 and 2011. The study subjects were 3486 normotensive males who were assessed for an average of 4.6 years using an annual survey. We defined hypertension by a systolic blood pressure of >= 140 mm mg, a diastolic blood pressure of >= 90 mm Hg and/or the use of antihypertensive medications. Dietary behavior questionnaires were included in the annual surveys. For each question on dietary behavior,

we calculated the odds ratios (ORs) for the risk of hypertension using logistic regression models. We used subjects who consistently gave affirmative answers in the baseline and end-point surveys as a reference. The number of new cases of hypertension was 846 among 3486 subjects. Compared with subjects who eat meat frequently, subjects who did not eat meat frequently showed a higher risk of hypertension (OR = 1.26, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00-1.59). Subjects who did not consume dairy products every day showed check details a higher risk of hypertension (OR 1.39, 95% CI: 1.13-1.71) compared with those who did. Meat and dairy product intake was associated with the prevention of hypertension among Japanese male workers. Hypertension Research (2013) 36, 374-380; doi: 10.1038/hr.2012.205; published online 10 January 2013″
“Background Despite the increasing prevalence of celiac disease (CD), the rate of diagnosis remains low. This may be related to the lack of research and publications on CD compared with other gastrointestinal conditions. We hypothesized that CD publications are underrepresented as compared with other gastrointestinal illnesses, and are particularly underrepresented in the USA.\n\nGoal To explore the rate of CD publication output, comparing it with other gastrointestinal conditions, and to assess for changes over time.

While more systematic studies are needed, we conclude that eye movement measurements hold significant

promise as tools to investigate treatment effects on cognitive and sensorimotor processes in clinical populations and that their use may be helpful in speeding the drug development pathway for drugs targeting specific neural systems and in individualizing pharmacological treatments. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“MicroRNAs buy Fedratinib (miRNAs, also miR) are a class of noncoding endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression through binding to protein-coding messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules, predominantly within the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR). Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a transcription factor that regulates a battery of genes involved in regulating a variety FK228 purchase of biological processes. There is a growing body of evidence demonstrating that miRNAs are closely associated with the STAT3 signaling pathway. In this review, we focus on interactions between miRNAs and the STAT3 signaling pathway, focusing on their reciprocal regulation and roles in cancer. For instance, several papers independently

support the existence of regulatory feedback loops between miRNAs and the STAT3 pathway in different cancer contexts including IL-6-STAT3-miR-24/miR-629-HNF4 alpha-miR-124 and IL-6RSTAT3-NF-kappa B-Lin-28-let-7a. Furthermore, several miRNA components are reported to be involved in STAT3-mediated tumorigenesis, for example miR-21, miR-155, and miR-181b. Through binding

to STAT3-binding sites within the promoters of these oncomiRs, STAT3 activates their transcription and mediates tumorigenesis. Some miRNAs directly modulate STAT3 activity through targeting the STAT3 3′-UTR; other miRNAs target SOCS, PIAS3, and EGFR genes, which encode proteins that regulate the STAT3 signaling pathway. Given that miRNAs represent a newly discovered class of regulatory molecules, investigating their biological Baf-A1 research buy functions and contribution to pathologies caused by STAT3 dysregulation is essential to improve our understanding of tumorigenesis and to develop novel anticancer therapeutics. The more we can learn about miRNAs-STAT3 interactions, the better able we will be to manipulate them for developing cancer therapeutics.”
“The fossil ‘monkey lemur’ Hadropithecus stenognathus has long excited palaeontologists because its skull bears an astonishing resemblance to those of robust australopiths, an enigmatic side branch of the human family tree. Multiple lines of evidence point to the likelihood that these australopiths ate at least some ‘hard’, stress-limited food items, but conflicting data from H. stenognathus pose a conundrum.

\n\nResults: In the methylene blue group, SLNs were identified in 39 of 45 patients (86.7%). Of the 39 patients, 28 (71.8%) had positive cervical lymph nodes (pN+), and 21 patients (53.8%) Epigenetics inhibitor had pSLN+. In 7 of the 28 pN+ patients (25%), metastases were also detected in non-SLN, thus giving a false-negative rate (FNR of 38.9% (7/18), a negative predictive value (NPV) of 61.1% (11/18), and an accuracy of 82.1% (32/39). In the combined technique group, the identification rate (IR) of SLN was 100% (45/45).

Of the 45 patients, 27 (60.0%) had pN+, 24 (53.3%) had pSLN+. There was a FNR of 14.3% (3/21), a NPV of 85.7% (18/21), and an accuracy of 93.3% (42/45). The combined techniques group was significantly superior to the methylene blue group in IR (p = 0.035). There were no significant differences between two groups in sensitivity, Bcl 2 inhibitor specificity, NPV, or accuracy. Location of pN+ (55 patients) in 84 patients was: level I and V, no patients; level II, 1 patient (1.2%); level III, 6 patients (7.2%); level III and IV, 8 patients (9.5%); level IV, alone, 8 patients (9.5%); level VI, 32 patients (38.1%). In all 90 patients, IR of SLN was 93.3%, FNR, 25.6%, NPV, 74.4%, and accuracy rate, 88.1 percent.\n\nConclusions: Compared to a single technique, there was a significantly higher SLN identification rate

for the combined technique in younger female with ipsilateral, low-risk PTC (T(1-2)N(0)M(0)). Thus, a combined SLN biopsy technique seems to more accurately stage lymph nodes,

with better identification IGF-1R inhibitor of SLN located out of the central compartment. Regardless of the procedure used, the high FNR renders the current SLN techniques unsuitable for routine practice. Based on these results, prophylactic node dissection of level VI might be considered because 38.1% of our patients had such node metastases.”
“Themolecular pathways that regulate thrombopoiesis are becoming increasingly understood. Upon binding to its receptor, the product of the c-Mpl proto-oncogene, thrombopoietin activates a number of secondary messengers that promote cell survival, proliferation and differentiation. Amongst the best studied are the signal transducers and activators of transcription, phosphoinositol-3-kinase, and the mitogen-activated protein kinases. Additional signals activated by these secondary mediators include mammalian target of rapamycin, beta-catenin, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha and the homeobox proteins HOXB4 and HOXA9, and a number that are reduced, including glycogen synthase kinase 3 alpha and the FOXO3 family of forkhead proteins. More recently, a number of signaling pathways have been identified that turn the thrombopoietin signal off a step necessary to avoid uncontrolled myeloproliferation, and include the phosphatases PTEN, SHP1 and SHIP1, the suppressors of cytokine signaling, and down-modulation of surface expression of c-Mpl.

These dips appear when the separations between nanoclusters are properly adjusted. Such a device may be used to transfer directionally the electromagnetic radiation. In the limit of equal atomic nanoclusters we reproduce the monoatomic chain results (C) 2010

Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved”
“The inner membrane ring of the bacterial type III secretion system (TTSS) is composed of two proteins. In Chlamydia trachomatis this ring is formed by CdsD (gene name CT_664) and CdsJ (gene name CTA_0609). CdsD consists of 829 amino acids. The last 400 amino acids at its C-terminal end relate it to the type III secretion system YscD/HrpQ protein family. The C-terminal domain, consisting of amino acids 558-771, of C. trachomatis 3-MA mw CdsD was overexpressed in Escherichia coli and purified using

immobilized metal-affinity chromatography (IMAC) and size-exclusion BMS-754807 chromatography. The protein was crystallized using the vapour-diffusion method. A data set was collected to 2.26 angstrom resolution. The crystals have the symmetry of space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 106.60, b = 23.91, c = 118.65 angstrom, beta = 104.95 degrees. According to the data analysis there is expected to be one molecule in the asymmetric unit, with a Matthews coefficient of 3.0 angstrom(3) Da(-1).”
“This work combines the analytical capability of GC x GC/TOFMS, the use of retention indices and adequate software tools for the study of essential oils of Piper regnellii (Miq.) C. DC. (pariparoba) growing wild in “cerrado” landscape, Central-West region, Brazil. The leaves, stems and flowers of P. regnellii generated essential oils with 163, 119 and 110 compounds tentatively identified, respectively. The major compounds

in each essential oil were approximately Anlotinib purchase the same, except dill apiole, which was concentrated more highly in the stems. The major compounds were: myrcene, anethole E and bicyclogermacrene (22%, 19% and 5%, respectively) in leaves, anethole E, dill apiole and myrcene (20%, 19% and 16%, respectively) in stems and anethole E, myrcene and bicyclogermacrene (24%, 18% and 9%, respectively) in flowers. This is the first time that this plant was analyzed by GC x GC/TOFMS and this technique allows identification of a higher number of compounds when compared to traditional one-dimensional chromatography. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“Background. Information has been very limited on the pharmacokinetics of the selective alpha(2)-adrenoceptor agonist dexmedetomidine in children, particularly in children < 2 yr of age.\n\nMethods. Eight children aged between 28 days and 23 months and eight children aged between 2 and 11 yr undergoing either elective bronchoscopy or nuclear magnetic resonance imaging were included in the study. Dexmedetomidine 1 mu g kg(-1) was infused i.v. over 5 min.