Ammonium concentrations were kept sufficiently low and with similar values in B-deficient roots when compared to control. Glucose and fructose contents decreased after 24 h of B deprivation. This drop in hexoses, which was corroborated by metabolomic analysis, correlated with higher GDH gene expression. Furthermore, metabolomic profiling showed that concentrations of several
organic acids, phenolics, and amino acids increased after 24 h of B deficiency. Our results suggest that GDH enzyme plays an important role in metabolic acclimation of tobacco roots to B deprivation. A putative model to explain these results is proposed and discussed. (C) 2011 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.”
“Objective. The aim of this study was to elucidate changes Kinase Inhibitor Library supplier in interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in whole saliva during the treatment of patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).
Study design. Twenty-nine consecutive inpatients with OSCC were enrolled. Stimulated saliva was collected just after hospitalization (period 1), just before main
treatment (surgery in 26 cases; period 2), and at the time of discharge (period 3). The mean intervals were 11 +/- 8 days between periods 1 and 2 and 30 +/- 18 days between periods 2 and 3. Nineteen age-matched healthy control subjects were also recruited. Interleukin-6 concentrations were measured by a highly sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay.
Results. Interleukin-6 was detected in 23 out of 29 samples in the OSCC group in period 1. The concentration of IL-6 was significantly higher in the OSCC LGX818 purchase group (mean 20.1 +/- 36.3 pg/mL) than in the control subjects (0.6 +/- 0.8 pg/mL; P = .003). The mean concentration AZD8055 purchase of IL-6 at period 2 was 43.6 +/- 95.6 pg/mL, significantly higher than at period 1 (P = .002), and at period 3 was 17.1 +/- 27.6 pg/mL (P = .52 [compared with period 2]).
Conclusions. Interleukin-6 was up-regulated in saliva in the OSCC patients. The
IL-6 level tended to increase before treatment, and it returned to baseline levels after treatment. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;110:330-336)”
“Study Design. In vitro and in vivo rat tail model to assess effects of torsion on intervertebral disc biomechanics and gene expression.
Objective. Investigate effects of torsion on promoting biosynthesis and producing injury in rat caudal intervertebral discs.
Summary of Background Data. Torsion is an important loading mode in the disc and increased torsional range of motion is associated with clinical symptoms from disc disruption. Altered elastin content is implicated in disc degeneration, but its effects on torsional loading are unknown. Although effects of compression have been studied, the effect of torsion on intervertebral disc gene expression is unknown.
Methods. In vitro biomechanical tests were performed in torsion on rat tail motion segments subjected to 4 treatments: elastase, collagenase, genipin, control.