coli real-time PCR (R2 = 0.94) and for C. jejuni real-time PCR (R2 = 0.86). Among the PCR-culture positive samples for the experimentally infected pig, 72.5% of the samples had a difference in cell

number of less than 1 log, 25% of less than 2 logs, and 2.5% of less than 2.5 logs for C. coli real-time PCR assay. For C. jejuni real-time PCR assay, the results obtained by real-time PCR matched equally the results obtained by culture: 67% of the samples had a difference in cell number of less than 1 log, 29% of less than 2 logs, and 4% of less selleckchem than 3 logs. Figure 4 Correlation between real-time PCR and microaerobic culture for faecal samples of Campylobacter experimentally infected pigs. Scatter plot showing the differences and correlations between the real-time PCR and the microaerobic culture method for the faecal samples of pigs experimentally infected with Campylobacter for the detection of (a) C. coli and (b) C. jejuni. Data for Campylobacter-positive samples versus Campylobacter-negative samples by both methods fall close find more to the line equivalence: a- Campylobacter-positive ( n = 40) and Campylobacter-negative

( n = 25) samples respectively with a coefficient of correlation of 0.90 (R2 = 0.90). b- Campylobacter-positive ( n = 24) and Campylobacter-negative ( n = 25) samples respectively with a coefficient of correlation of 0.93 (R2 = 0.93). Analysis of field samples of naturally contaminated pigs No C. jejuni was identified among the faecal, feed, and environmental samples from the different pig herds by conventional PCR or by our C. jejuni real-time PCR assay. Conversely, all the Campylobacter tested were identified as C. coli by both methods. The specificity and the sensitivity for the C. coli real-time PCR assay with the different field samples are reported in Table 4. Table 4 VS-4718 Comparison of Campylobacter

coli real-time PCR and microaerobic culture in (4.1) faecal, (4.2) feed, and (4.3) environmental samples of naturally contaminated pigs       Microaerobic culture         + – Total 4.1 Campylobacter coli detection in faecal samples   + 125 1 126 Liothyronine Sodium   Real-time PCR – 3 17 20     Total 128 18 146 4.2 Campylobacter coli detection in feed samples   + 21 1 22   Real-time PCR – 2 26 28     Total 23 27 50 4.3 Campylobacter coli detection in environmental samples   + 34 2 36   Real-time PCR – 3 47 50     Total 37 49 86 4.1 Sensitivity Se = 97.7%, Specificity Sp = 94.4%, Kappa K = 0.96 4.2 Sensitivity Se = 91.3%, Specificity Sp = 96.2%, Kappa K = 0.89 4.3 Sensitivity Se = 91.9%, Specificity Sp = 95.9%, Kappa K = 0.89 For the different field samples tested, the quantification results obtained by C. coli real-time PCR matched equally the results obtained by bacterial culture: 58% of the samples had a difference in cell number of less than 1 log, 37% of less than 2 logs, and 5% of less than 3 logs.