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2006,188(23):8103–8108.PubMedCrossRef Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests. Authors’ contributions YL and ZGH designed the experiments. YL and JZ performed enough the experiments. YL HZ and ZGH analyzed the data. ZGH contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools. ZGH and YL wrote the paper. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.”
“Background Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is the most prevalent systemic mycosis in Latin America. Epidemiological data indicate a broad geographic distribution in Central and South America, from Mexico to Argentina [1]. It is estimated that as many as ten million individuals may be infected with P. brasiliensis in this part of the world. Infection occurs primarily in the lungs, from where it can disseminate via the bloodstream and/or lymphatic system to many organ systems, resulting in the disseminated form of PCM [2]. Considering the pathogenesis of this disease, the initial stages are of importance since this is when resident pulmonary macrophages interact with the fungus for the first time and become activated.