Since lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) is the first protein to encounter lipopolysaccharide, we assessed the relationship among, microbial translocation marker, LBP, proinflammatory cytokines and monocyte activation in hemodialysis patients.

Methods: A total of 120 patients undergoing hemodialysis were studied, and correlates with markers of inflammation. Levels of LBP, markers of inflammation, as well as markers of monocyte activation and traditional risk factors for dialysis patients were assessed. Results: Serum LBP concentration was significantly increased in all HD patients in compared with 40 healthy individuals (20.7 ± 8.1 mg/mL vs. 7.6 ± 2.5(mg/mL, respectively; p < 0.001). In HD patients, a significant positive correlation was found between Navitoclax in vitro LBP levels and CRP, IL-6, sCD14 and fasting blood glucose levels. Incremental BMI were observed with increasing LBP quartiles There is also a linear correlation between the proportion of proinflammatory moncoytes (CD16+ monocytes) and levels of LBP (r = 0.16,

p < 0.05). Multivariate regression analyses showed that IL-6 level was the strongest correlate of LBP level (r = 0.28; P = 0.003), followed by hsCRP level (r = 0.27; P = 0.004), and sCD14 (r = 0.16; P < 0.05). Conclusion: Increased LBP level is related positively to markers of inflammation and proportion of proinflammatory monocytes. Understanding the underlying reasons behind Everolimus these associations may have clinical relevance given the adverse clinical outcome of chronic inflammation described for the dialysis patients. YAMAMOTO

SUGURU1, OMORI KENTARO2, MATSUO KOJI1, TAKAHASHI YOSHIMITSU1, KAWAMURA KAZUKO1, MARUYAMA HIROKI1, KAZAMA JUNICHIRO J.1, NARITA ICHIEI1 1Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences; 2Omori ROS1 clinic Introduction: An accumulation of protein-bound uremic toxins, such as indoxyl sulfate and p-crecyl sulfate, increases the risk of cardiovascular disease with direct/indirect interaction in CKD patients undergoing dialysis treatment. Oral activated charcoal adsorbent, AST-120, has been shown to decrease serum indoxyl sulfate in non-dialysis CKD patients. The aim of this study is to examine whether AST-120 decreases protein-bound uremic toxins in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods: Twenty maintenance hemodialysis patients were individually randomized in a crossover design between treatment with 6 g/day of AST-120 and non-treatment for 4-week periods. Ten participants followed the AST-120 treatment first for 2 weeks and then switched to non-treatment for another 2 weeks; the other 10 subjects followed the same treatment in reverse order. Serum level of indoxyl sulfate and p-crecyl sulfate at pre/post dialysis session before and after the AST-120 treatment was measured by mass spectrometry. Data were presented as means ± standard deviation. Paired t-test was used for the statistical analysis.