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“Tobacco smoking is a dangerous and extended practice in modern society. Tobacco smoke is a complex mixture formed by more than 4000 compounds, where at least 70 are severely toxic and carcinogenic for humans [10] and [13]. It is compulsory for information
about the maximum nicotine, tar and carbon monoxide content in cigarette smoke to be shown in the labelling of tobacco cigarettes in Europe as well as warnings regarding the adverse health effects of smoking. In addition, measures concerning the ingredients and description of tobacco products are also being adopted. The regulation of tobacco products and the adoption of standards to reduce the yield of smoke constituents, and hence human exposure, are also being studied in an attempt to reduce the risks related to cigarette smoking. For example, in 2008 the WHO Study Group on Tobacco www.selleckchem.com/products/BMS-754807.html Regulations established a regulatory strategy to reduce the level of toxic compounds in tobacco smoke measured under standardized conditions (WHO technical report series 951). The selection of toxicants selleck was made according to the Health Canadian list and yield data were based on the market survey carried out by [6] on 48 commercial cigarette brands. These authors analysed a considerable number of smoke constituents and established some predicting relationships between tar yield and the smoke constituents for three smoking regimes. It is well known
that general lowering of smoke yields can be achieved by a combination
of various design parameters including increased ventilation into the paper wrapping the tobacco rod, filter components, faster paper burn rate, paper permeability and lower tobacco density [1], [24], [8] and [27]. [4] described the modification of filters by activated carbon to adsorb the constituents of the mainstream tobacco smoke (MSS). [9] studied the effect of titanate nanosheets and nanotubes and reported significant reductions of harmful compounds in tobacco smoke, and [5] studied the effect of oxidized carbon nanotubes on the composition of the MSS smoke. All these studies were carried out on reference cigarettes, on specially prepared cigarettes, or sometimes on a non-specified commercial brand. The use of zeolites and other aluminosilicates in Bay 11-7085 the filter or directly mixed with tobacco to reduce nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatics in the main MSS has been described by several authors [7], [30], [31] and [11], who employed NaA, NaY, KA and NaZSM-5, Cu-ZSM-5, SBA-15, MCM-48, Cerium-containing MCM-48 and other calco-silicates. Our research group has studied the synthesis of MCM-41 catalyst for different purposes [17]. For example, it was demonstrated that removing the template by solvent extraction prior to calcination [19], employing the adequate solvents [18] or varying the aluminium content [20], catalysts with the adequate properties to be used as tobacco additives were obtained.