With the course of the disease, the semantic system progressively declined and the reversal of the concreteness effect, as well as the dissociation between perceptual and non-perceptual knowledge, vanished. We discuss the results and their implications for theoretical propositions of concreteness effect as well as theoretical models of semantic memory. We suggest that the reversal of concreteness in SC is a direct result of the degradation of visual feature knowledge. sustained by anatomical structures affected early in SD. With the time course of the disease, the atrophy extends to adjacent regions and the dissociation
between abstract and concrete concepts was no longer observed. (C) 2008 Elsevier
Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The dichotic listening (DL) paradigm is often used to assess brain asymmetries at the behavioral level. The aim of this study was to evaluate the dynamic temporal and topographical characteristics Enzalutamide in vitro of event related potentials (ERPs) obtained with diotic and dichotic consonant-vowel (CV) stimuli from the selleck chemical same subjects. We used a novel approach in which we concurrently analyzed on a trial-by-trial basis ERP parameters during trials that resulted in a right ear advantage (REA) or left ear advantage (LEA) or that were presented under diotic (homonymous) conditions. CV syllables were used as auditory stimuli (/ba/, /da/, /ga/, /ka/, /pa/, /ta/). The EEG measurements were performed with 64 channels by mainly focusing on the N1P2, those N2P3 and late negativity (LN) components. Overall, behavioral data revealed a clear REA. The central area showed higher amplitudes than the other locations for N1P2 responses. Additionally, responses were faster for the diotic, compared to the dichotic conditions. The LN had shorter latencies in trials resulting in a REA, compared with those producing a LEA. This result makes it likely that the overall REA is a time-bound effect. which can be explained by the structural theory of Kimura. Furthermore, the results demonstrated a specific
spatiotemporal shift from central to frontal areas between N1P2 and LN that was pronounced in dichotic trials. This shift points towards the involvement of frontal areas in resolving conflicting input. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose: Contemporary approaches to tissue engineering and cell therapy for urinary tract reconstruction require invasive tissue biopsies to obtain autologous cells. However, these procedures are associated with potential complications. We determined whether the cells present in urine have characteristics of normal bladder cells and investigated their potential uses for urological reconstructive procedures.
Materials and Methods: A total of 55 urine samples were collected from 15 healthy individuals and 8 patients with vesicoureteral reflux.