In this paper,
we investigate the effects of these large electronic thermal excitations on the ultrafast thermoelectric transport properties of gold, a characteristic noble metal. Under conditions of strong electron-phonon nonequilibrium (relatively high electron temperatures and relatively low lattice temperatures, T(e) >> T(L)), we find that the Wiedemann-Franz law breaks down and the Seebeck coefficient is massively enhanced. Although we perform representative calculations for Au, these results are expected to be similar for the other noble metals (Ag and Cu) due to the characteristic large d-band separation from the Fermi energy. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3511341]“
“PURPOSE: To compare endothelial cell loss in cataract surgery by phacoemulsification and by Z-VAD-FMK order manual small-incision cataract surgery (SICS).
SETTINGS: Tertiary care ophthalmic center, India.
METHODS: A complete
ophthalmologic examination and endothelial specular microscopy were performed preoperatively and 1 and 6 weeks postoperatively in patients having cataract surgery. The endothelial cell count (ECC) was calculated manually and automatically using an LSM 12000 specular microscope. Patients were randomly allocated to have SICS or phacoemulsification using a random number table. Phacoemulsification was Selleck AZD6738 performed using the stop-and-chop technique and SICS, by viscoexpression.
RESULTS: The study evaluated 200 patients, 100 in each group. The mean preoperative ECC by the manual counting method find more was 2950.7 cells/mm(2) in the phacoemulsification group and 2852.5 cells/mm(2) in the SICS group and by the automated counting method, 3053.7 cells/mm(2) and 2975.3 cells/mm(2), respectively. The difference at 6 weeks was 543.4 cells/mm(2) and 505.9
cells/mm(2), respectively, by the manual method (P = .44) and 474.2 cells/mm(2) and 456.1 cells/mm(2), respectively, by the automated method (P = .98). The corrected distance visual acuity at 6 weeks was better than 6/18 in 98.5% of eyes in the phacoemulsification group and 97.3% of eyes in the SICS group.
CONCLUSION: There were no clinically or statistically significant differences in ECC loss or visual acuity between phacoemulsification and SICS, although there was a small difference in the astigmatic shift.”
“In this article, isothermal crystallization, melting behaviors, and spherulitic morphologies of high-impact multiblock copolymers, comprising of PBS as hard segment and poly(1,2-propylene succinate) (PPSu) as soft segment with hexamethylene diisocyanate as a chain extender, were investigated. The results from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) suggest that the two segments of multiblock copolymers are miscible in amorphous region. The crystallization kinetics were analyzed by the Avrami equation.