Our
results suggest that when looking at the aetiology of non-atopic asthma, mold exposure should be systematically assessed.”
“We provide an extensive review of the common methodologies employed in the analysis of airborne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The review focuses on gas-chromatography-based approaches, in the light of their universal application with excellent separation, resolution, and sensitivity.
We first describe collection methods for airborne PAHs in the gas and particle phases. We then evaluate the efficiency of extraction techniques employed for separating target PAHs from sampling media, using conventional solvent-based WH-4-023 chemical structure and emerging thermal-desorption approaches.
We also describe commonly employed analytical methods with respect to their applicability to PAHs in gas and particle phases, collected from diverse environmental settings. As an essential part of basic quality assurance, we examine each method with special emphasis on key parameters (e.g., limit of detection and reproducibility).
Finally, we address the likely directions of methodological developments, their limitations, and the future prospects for PAH analysis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose
of review
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly common condition, which is strongly associated with obesity and diabetes. The risk of cardiovascular disease is increased in NAFLD Selleck HSP990 and represents the main cause of death in these patients. However, given the shared features between
NAFLD, the metabolic syndrome and traditional cardiovascular risk factors, uncertainty exists as to whether NAFLD is an independent risk factor for increased cardiovascular PHA-848125 in vitro disease.
Recent findings
Multiple epidemiological and case-control studies now demonstrate that NAFLD is associated with increased vascular risk, independently of conventional cardiometabolic risk factors. Evidence also suggests a graded association between NAFLD severity and increased vascular risk. However, given the heterogeneous disease spectrum of NAFLD, these findings have limitations with respect to accuracy of diagnosis and staging of NAFLD in most studies.
Summary
Although accumulating evidence points to NAFLD emerging as a novel cardiovascular risk factor, more research is needed to find suitable noninvasive biomarkers of NAFLD severity to allow better risk-stratification based on cardiovascular outcomes. Furthermore, with no established pharmacological treatment option for NAFLD currently available, any potential treatment must show efficacy not only in slowing liver disease progression, but also in ameliorating adverse cardiovascular outcomes.”
“Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is linked to alcohol drinking, whereas esophageal adenocarcinoma risk is increased by overweight and obesity. Both histologies are directly related to tobacco smoking.