Our lab has undertaken a series of studies in rats involving pregnant dams, neo- and perinatal pups, and adult animals. Animals were exposed to various concentrations of dietary Fe and/or Mn, and protein transporter expression, blood Mn and Fe concentrations, brain transition metal concentrations, and temporal brain deposition patterns were examined. As a result, we have demonstrated the importance of the interdependence of the transport of Mn and Fe, and established brain metal concentrations in several longitudinal

studies. The purpose of this review is to examine these studies in their entirety and highlight the importance selleck chemicals llc of monitoring the deposition and accumulation of both Mn and Fe when designing future studies related to either dietary or environmental changes in transition Vorinostat metal levels. Finally, this review will provide information about various transport proteins currently under investigation in the research community related to Fe and Mn regulation and transport.”
“A pregnant patient, with

term intrauterine fetal demise, who developed cardiopulmonary arrest during labor, followed by disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) secondary to amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) that was treated with Recombinant Factor VIIa, is presented.

A 22-year-old Turkish woman was admitted to our antenatal clinic at 39 weeks 6 days of gestation with a complaint of decreased fetal movements for the previous 3 days. Shortly after presentation, she was noted to have

circumoral cyanosis with shortness of breath and sudden loss of consciousness. After a 3,220 g macerated male fetus was delivered, persistent bleeding occurred in the mother and was managed with Recombinant Factor VIIa at a dose of 90 mcg/kg. She died 8 days after the admission due to multiple organ failure.

Recombinant Factor VIIa may be a treatment option for hemorrhage in patients with DIC related to AFE.”
“BackgroundThis prospective, randomized, double-blind study was designed to evaluate the use of intranasally administered dexmedetomidine vs intranasal midazolam as a premedication in children undergoing complete dental rehabilitation.

MethodsSeventy-two children of American Society of Anesthesiology classification (ASA) physical status (I & II), selleck aged 3-6years, were randomly assigned to one of two equal groups. Group M received intranasal midazolam (0.2mgkg(-1)), and group D received intranasal dexmedetomidine (1gkg(-1)). The patients’ sedation status, mask acceptance, and hemodynamic parameters were recorded by an observer until anesthesia induction. Recovery conditions, postoperative pain, and postoperative agitation were also recorded.

ResultsThe median onset of sedation was significantly shorter in group M 15 (10-25) min than in group D 25 (20-40) min (P=0.001). Compared with the children in group M, those in group D were significantly more sedated when they were separated from their parents (77.8% vs 44.

Copyright (c) 2012 Society of Chemical Industry”
“Objectives: Hypernatremic dehydration in neonates is a condition that develops Cell Cycle inhibitor due to inadequate fluid intake and it may lead to cerebral damage. We aimed to determine whether there was an association between serum sodium levels on admission and aEEG patterns and prognosis, as well as any association between aEEG findings and survival rates and long-term prognosis.

Method: The present study included all term infants hospitalized for hypernatremic dehydration in between January 2010 and May 2011. Infants were monitored by aEEG. At 2 years of age,

we performed a detailed evaluation to assess the impact of hypernatremic dehydration on the neurodevelopmental outcome.

Results: Twenty-one infants were admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit for hypernatremic dehydration. A correlation was found between increased serum sodium levels and aEEG abnormalities. Neurodevelopmental assessment was available for 17 of the 21 infants. The results revealed that hypernatremic dehydration did

not adversely affect the long-term outcomes.

Conclusion: The follow-up of newborns after discharge GW2580 mouse is key to determine the risks associated with hypernatremic dehydration. Our results suggest that hypernatremic dehydration had no impact on the long-term outcome. In addition, continuous aEEG monitoring could provide information regarding early prognosis and mortality.”
“Background: Long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) with conventional glucose based, lactate-buffered PD fluids may lead to morphological and functional alterations of the peritoneal membrane.

It was hypothesized that long-term exposure to a different buffer and a mixture of osmotic agents would cause less peritoneal abnormality.

Objectives: To investigate the effects of long-term exposure to a bicarbonate/lactate-buffered dialysis solution with a mixture of osmotic agents: glycerol 1.4%, amino acids 0.5%, and dextrose learn more 1.1% (= 1% glucose) (GLAD) in a rat model with chronic kidney failure.

Methods: All rats underwent a peritoneal catheter implantation and a 70% nephrectomy. Thereafter, the rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: GLAD, 3.86% Dianeal (Baxter, Nivelles, Belgium), and buffer (Physioneal without glucose, Baxter). All rats were infused daily for 16 weeks with the appropriate PD fluid. Afterwards, a peritoneal permeability analysis (SPARa) was performed using 3.86% Physioneal in all groups. After the SPARa, the rats were sacrificed to obtain tissue samples for morphometric determinations. Omental tissue was stained with picro Sirius red for assessment of fibrosis and with CD31 for vessel density.

Results: GLAD and Dianeal showed faster small solute transport compared to the hypotonic buffer. No differences between the groups were present in ultrafiltration.

There is a very high mortality rate associated with this complication, but prognostic selleck compound factors associated with NOMI are not well-known. Method. In this study, we retrospectively reviewed the records of dialysis patients to identify prognostic factors associated with mortality from NOMI.

Overall, there were 541 patients on hemodialysis (HD) and 158 patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) in our hospital from January 2007 to December 2008. Among these 699 patients, we diagnosed NOMI by surgical and/or radiological criteria. A total of 12 dialysis patients (9 on HD and 3 on PD) developed NOMI during the study period. Result. The incidence of NOMI was 1.04% per patient-year for all dialysis patients (0.95% for HD and 1.35% for PD patients). Most of the 12 patients had chronic hypotension (83.3%, 10/12). Four patients expired following development of NOMI. Our results showed that mortality was significantly higher in patients who were administered a cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitor prior to ischemia. Hypobicarbonemia during NOMI, which might indicate the severity of hypoperfusion, is also associated with higher mortality. Conclusion. NOMI is rare in dialysis

patients. COX inhibitor administration should be given with caution in long-term hypotensive dialysis Selleck Z-VAD-FMK patients.”
“The tensile modulus of PP/nanoclay/CaCO3 hybrid ternary nanocomposite was analyzed using composite models. Rule of mixtures, inverse rule of mixtures, modified rule of mixtures (MROM), Guth, Paul, Counto, Hirsch, Halpin-Tsai, Takayanagi, and Kerner-Nielsen models were developed for three-phase system containing two nanofillers. Among the studied models, inverse rule of mixtures, Hirsch, Halpin-Tsai, and Kerner-Nielsen models calculated the tensile modulus of PP/nanoclay/CaCO3 ternary nanocomposite successfully compared with others. Furthermore, the Kerner-Nielsen model was simplified to

predict the tensile modulus by volume fractions of nanofillers. Also, Takayanagi model was modified for the current ternary system. The developed Takayanagi model can predict the tensile modulus using Young’s modulus and volume fractions of matrix and nanofillers. (C) 2011 HSP990 in vitro Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 123: 2309-2319, 2012″
“Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the main cause of death in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients, and endothelial dysfunction (ED) is an early sign of vascular pathology. Ghrelin, a gastric peptide with CV actions, has been shown to inhibit proatherogenic changes in experimental models. However, another peptide hormone, leptin, may mediate deleterious effects on the CV system. The aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between plasma ghrelin and leptin levels, and their association with coronary microvascular and endothelial functions in PD patients. Twenty-four (14 females and 10 males; mean age 44 +/- 12 yr) nondiabetic PD patients, between 18 and 70 years of age, were enrolled.

[doi:10.1063/1.3463395]“
“In 3 eyes with epithelial ingrowth after laser in situ keratomileusis, straylight was measured GW3965 inhibitor before and after the ingrowth was removed. In 2 eyes of 1 patient, epithelial ingrowth reached the pupillary axis. Straylight decreased (improved) significantly after ingrowth removal: a 3.6-fold decrease in the right eye and a 10-fold decrease in the left eye. The uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA) improved from 0.25 (20/80)

in both eyes to 1.0 (20/20) and 0.8 (20/25), respectively. In 1 eye of another patient, from which epithelial ingrowth was removed to prevent flap melting and distortion, the pupillary opening was not obscured and no significant change in straylight was found. The UDVA improved from 0.32 (20/60) to 1.0 (20/20) after the ingrowth was removed. An increase in straylight can be a significant complication of epithelial ingrowth. After the interlamellar space is cleared, the improvement in straylight is several factors larger than the gain in UDVA.”
“Introduction and hypothesis The aim of this study was to prospectively and randomly compare the outcome of surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence (SUI) using the same outside inside transobturator technique with biological (PelviLaceTO (R)) or synthetic (UretexTO (R)) material sling, evaluating if the biological material Z IETD FMK can prevent

vaginal erosion retaining the “”cure rate”" of this surgical technique

Methods Seventy EPZ-6438 Epigenetics inhibitor patients with SUI were selected, randomly assigned to either UretexTO (R) (n=34) or PelviLaceTO (R) (n=36), and underwent the same surgery

Results There is no significant difference between two study arms with regard to objective and subjective cure rates and quality of life In both groups we had an overlap cure rate (UretexTO (R) group 88.2% vs PelviLaceTO (R) group 88.8%) at mean

3 years follow-up It found no perioperative complications nor vaginal erosions

Conclusions UretexTO (R) and PelviLaceTO (R) are two similarly safe and efficient slings in the management of SUI, with a good patient satisfaction and without any complications.”
“We have fabricated a highly textured Nd-Fe-B thin film with a hard magnetic performance: M(r) = 1.39 T, H(c)=827 kA/m, and (BH)(max)=358 kJ/m(3). The microstructure of the film was characterized in detail by cross-sectional and plane-view transmission electron microscopy observations. The film consisted of nanosized columnar grains with an average size of 40 nm and included a strong diffraction contrast along the grain boundary. A high resolution energy filtered image indicated that Nd was enriched discontinuously along the grain boundary, causing an unsuitable decoupling among the Nd(2)Fe(14)B grains, which is in agreement with the pinninglike feature of the initial magnetization curve. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.

No complications related to the graft material or BM were identified.

Conclusions: While

significant improvements in radiographic parameters were observed in both TCP groups over two years of follow-up, the addition of BM was not found to provide any significant benefit. Results should not be extrapolated to other bone graft click here substitutes used for this purpose.”
“Pure lipomas of the uterus are very rare tumors that may be misdiagnosed on radiological examination due to their rarity and fat content. We present here the case of a 57-year-old postmenopausal woman who presented to the hospital with lower abdominal pain. Abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy were performed under the prediagnoses of benign cystic ovarian teratoma or leiomyoma. On the histopathological examination of tissue samples, the tumor was composed of mature fat cells. There were a few smooth muscle cells confined to the periphery. Pure uterine lipoma may

be asymptomatic or it may have symptoms similar to those of leiomyoma such as vaginal bleeding or pelvic pain. A pure lipoma should be diagnosed only if smooth muscle cells are confined to the periphery.”
“The authors present a 14-year-old girl with 18q- syndrome combined with cyclic vomiting syndrome. Since the age of 5 years, she has been admitted to hospital 30 times. Despite trying many prophylactic treatments, no medication has inhibited the vomiting attacks successfully. Intranasal sumatriptan was effective at halting C59 Wnt manufacturer the vomiting attacks. This is the first case of 18q- syndrome combined find more with cyclic vomiting syndrome successfully treated with sumatriptan. This report may allow us to consider sumatriptan use in patients suffering from misery attack of cyclic vomiting syndrome combined with chromosomal abnormality of 18q- syndrome.”
“Background: The use of cementless acetabular components in total hip arthroplasty has gained popularity over the past decade. Most total hip arthroplasties being

performed in North America currently use cementless acetabular components. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to compare the survivorship and revision rate of cemented and cementless acetabular components utilized in total hip arthroplasty.

Methods: A primary literature search in PubMed identified 3488 articles, of which 3407 did not meet the inclusion criteria and were excluded. Only English-language articles on either the survivorship or revision rate of primary total hip arthroplasty at a minimum of ten years of follow-up were included. The present study analyzed forty-five articles reporting the long-term outcome of cementless acetabular components, twenty-nine reporting the outcome of cemented acetabular components, and seven comparing cemented and cementless acetabular components.

Methods: Two hundred asymptomatic volunteers with no prior hip surgery or childhood hip problems underwent magnetic resonance imaging targeted to both hips. The subjects were examined at the time of magnetic resonance imaging for internal

rotation of the hips at 90 degrees of hip flexion and for a positive impingement sign. The contour of the femoral head-neck junction was quantified with use of the alpha angle. A value of >50.5 degrees was considered positive for cam morphology. Measurements were performed independently by two musculoskeletal radiologists.

Results: The mean age of the individuals was 29.4 years (range, 21.4 to 50.6 years); 79% were white, and 55.5% were women. The mean alpha angle anteriorly at the three RSL3 clinical trial o’clock position was 40.9 degrees +/- 7.0 degrees on the right and 40.6 degrees +/- 7.1 degrees on the left, ABT737 whereas the mean alpha angle anterosuperiorly at the 1:30 position was 50.2 degrees +/- 8.0 degrees on the right and 50.1 degrees +/- 8.3 degrees on the left. Fourteen percent of the

volunteers had at least one hip with cam morphology: 10.5% had an elevated alpha angle on either the right or the left side, and 3.5% had the deformity in both hips. Seventy-nine percent (twenty-two) of twenty-eight individuals who had an elevated alpha angle were men, and 21%(six) were women. Individuals with an elevated alpha angle on at least one side tended to be male (p < 0.001), with 24.7% (twenty-two) of eighty-nine men having cam morphology compared with only 5.4% (six) of 111 women.

Conclusions: The prevalence of cam-type femoroacetabular impingement deformity is higher in men as well as in individuals

with decreased internal rotation. Defining what represents Anlotinib manufacturer a normal head-neck contour is important for establishing treatment strategies in patients presenting with prearthritic hip pain.”
“Subject- and physician-reported data from 4,429 postmenopausal women receiving osteoporosis treatment in the Prospective Observational Scientific Study Investigating Bone Loss Experience (POSSIBLE US) were used to assess the prevalence of risk factors (RFs) and on-study fracture. RFs assessed at study entry were age >70 years; fracture since age 50; minimum T-score (hip/spine) <= -2.5 at diagnosis; body mass index <18.5kg/m(2); rheumatoid arthritis; parental history of hip fracture; current smoking; and recent oral glucocorticoid use. Data were collected with semiannual self-administered questionnaires. Results were stratified by physician-reported osteoporosis/osteopenia diagnosis. Low T-score and age >70 years were the most common RFs in the osteoporosis group, and age >70 years and prior fracture were the most common risk factors in the osteopenia group. Multiple RFs were more common than a single RF in osteoporotic women (54.2% versus 34.6%; P < 0.0001) but not osteopenic women (13.8% versus 33.6%; P < 0.0001).

A total of 237 patients were recruited to the study.

Methods: Outcome measures at baseline, 9 and 18 months included psychological morbidity using the GHQ12 questionnaire, quality

of life using the FACT-B plus endocrine subscale, fear and isolation. An analysis of covariance was used to detect changes over time. Recurrences and methods of detection were recorded as secondary outcome measures.

Results: Two hundred and fourteen patients completed the study. Overall patients were HDAC inhibitor not exposed to risks of increased psychological morbidity (p = 0.767) or decline of quality of life (p = 0.282) when routine review was discontinued and no significant differences were detected during an 18-month period. Patients not receiving regular review did Bcl-2 apoptosis pathway not feel isolated, and at the end of 18 months did not wish to return to 6-monthly clinical reviews. The presentation of recurrences and short symptom history demonstrate that the recurrences observed were unlikely to have been detected at a

routine visit.

Conclusions: Point of need access is acceptable to the majority of patients. Although a third of patients may wish to maintain a regular review, patient choice is important. Findings suggest that after 2 years following the diagnosis of breast cancer there is no evidence to support the view that regular clinical review improves psychological morbidity or quality of life. Patients do not appear to be compromised in terms of early detection of recurrence. Point of need access can be provided by suitably trained specialist nurses and provides a fast, responsive management system at a time when patients really need it. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“The authors report

a feasible and simple microfluidic approach for synthesizing anisotropic gel particles based on template method. By filling arrays of microwells with alginate hydrogel and synthesizing gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) on the gel surface, BMS-754807 order anisotropic alginate gel particles with single side gold nanoparticles layers were produced in microwells on the polydimethylsiloxan template. AuNPs and the anisotropic feature were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectrum analyses. The anisotropic particles made of biocompatible gels could be released from the template and collected with uniform sizes, which might have a powerful potential in biological detection and sensing. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3602119]“
“AimThe aim of the study was to verify the presence of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB) symptoms in premenopausal women and relate them with child-bearing data.

Material and MethodsWe interviewed 1050 women aged 20-45 years in the area of Campinas, Brazil, to investigate the prevalence of OAB symptoms.

This review summarizes common and distinct features among Nef proteins and how they contribute to increasing HIV and Sly fitness towards their respective hosts. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Oil bodies, with their unique structural proteins, oleosins, are known to be useful in foods and other emulsion systems. The influence of kappa, iota, and lambda-carrageenans on the stability of soybean oil body emulsions at different pH values (pH 3, 4, 5 and 7) was investigated by particle electrical charge, particle size distribution, creaming stability and confocal laser scanning

microscopy measurements. In acidic environment (pH 3, 4 and 5), the droplet charge of soybean oil body emulsions stabilized with carrageenan decreased with increasing carrageenan concentration for all types of carrageenan investigated, suggesting their adsorption to the oil body droplet surfaces. Extensive droplet aggregation and creaming were AC220 chemical structure observed in the emulsions stabilized see more with lambda-carrageenan at pH 3 and 5, indicating that soybean oil body droplets were bridged by carrageenan. At pH 7, there was no significant change in the droplet charge of soybean

oil body emulsions stabilized with three types of carrageenan, but the emulsions stabilized with iota-carrageenan were more stable to creaming due to depletion flocculation than the emulsions stabilized with kappa or lambda-carrageenan after seven days storage. The probable reason was that iota-carrageenan, which had the most densely AZD1208 in vivo charged helical structure, was most effective at creating highly

charged interfacial membranes, thus reducing the depletion flocculation to occur. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Yellow pea seed protein-derived peptides were produced through enzymatic hydrolysis of pea protein isolate, which was followed by ultrafiltration to isolate peptides with <3 kDa sizes (PPH). The PPH was separated by cation-exchange chromatography into five peptide fractions (F1-F5) based on their affinity for the stationary phase. F1 contained peptides with the least amount (7.5%) of cationic amino acids while F5 contained peptides with more than 50% content of cationic amino acids. F1-F5 peptide fractions were evaluated for in vitro antioxidant activities in comparison to glutathione (GSH), an endogenous antioxidant peptide. Results showed that the peptide fraction with the least cationic property (F1) had significantly strongest (p<0.05) scavenging activity against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) when compared to F2-F5. Generally, the scavenging of O(2)(center dot-) and H(2)O(2) was negatively related with the cationic property of the peptide fractions. Fractionation according to cationic property resulted in significantly increased (p<0.05) O(2)(center dot-) scavenging power of the peptide fractions (F1-F5) when compared to the unfractionated PPH.

These findings suggest that adjunctive rufinamide may lead to increased suicidal ideation in patients with treatment-refractory bipolar disorder. Secondary to the course of severe bipolar disorder, rufinamide cannot be specifically implicated; however, clinicians should be aware of this potential significant adverse effect and monitor high-risk patients. Further studies are required to address rufinamide treatment efficacy and severity of adverse effects in patients with bipolar HSP990 mw disorder. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.”
“Little is known about the clinical relevance of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in the Arabian Peninsula. We assessed the prevalence

and studied a random sample of isolates at a reference laboratory in Muscat, Oman. NTM cause disease in this region, and their prevalence has increased.”
“. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infects and associates with B cells, leading to abnormal B-cell activation and development of lymphoproliferative and autoimmune disorders. This immune perturbation may in turn be associated with the resistance of HCV against the host immune system. The objective of this study was to analyse the effects of HCV infection of B cells on the efficacy of interferon (IFN)-based therapy. The study enrolled 102 patients with chronic hepatitis C who were treated with pegylated IFN plus ribavirin. HCV RNA titres in B

cells were compared in patients with rapid viral responder (RVR) vs non-RVR, sustained viral responder (SVR) vs non-SVR and null viral responder (NVR) vs AC220 VR. The levels of HCV RNA in B cells were significantly higher in non-RVR, non-SVR and NVR groups. Association between the therapy outcome and the positive B-cell HCV RNA was also investigated in relation to other known viral and host factors. Multivariable analyses showed that the positive B-cell Mocetinostat in vitro HCV RNA and the minor single-nucleotide polymorphism near the IL28B gene (rs8099917)

were independent factors associated with NVR in patients infected with HCV genotype 1. When these two factors were combined, the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values for NVR were 92.3%, 98.2%, 92.3% and 98.2%, respectively. Genotype 1 and the presence of one or no mutations in the IFN-sensitivity determining region were associated with higher levels of B-cell HCV RNA. B-cell-tropic HCV appears to have an IFN-resistant phenotype. B-cell HCV RNA positivity is a predictive factor for resistance to IFN-based therapy.”
“Background: The community case management of malaria (CCMm) is now an established route for distribution of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) in rural areas, but the feasibility and acceptability of the approach through community medicine distributors (CMD) in urban areas has not been explored. It is estimated that in 15 years time 50% of the African population will live in urban areas and transmission of the malaria parasite occurs in these densely populated areas.

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC; 5%, 6%, and 7% w/w) and Carbopol 934 (1% w/w) hydrogels containing DFS-CS microspheres equivalent to 1% w/w active drug were prepared. The physicochemical characterization revealed that all hydrogels had a suitable pH for rectal application (6.5-7.4). The consistency of HPMC hydrogels showed direct proportionality click here to the concentration of the gelling agent, while carbopol 934 gel showed its difficulty for rectal administration. Farrow’s constant for all hydrogels were greater than one indicating pseudoplastic flow. In vitro drug release from the mucoadhesive hydrogel formulations showed a controlled drug release

pattern, reaching 34.6-39.7% after 6 h. The kinetic analysis of the release

data revealed that zero-order was the prominent release mechanism. The mucoadhesion time of 7% w/w HPMC hydrogel was 330 min, allowing the loaded microspheres to be attached to the surface of rectal mucosa. Histopathological examination demonstrated the lowest irritant response to the hydrogel loaded with DFS-CS microspheres in response to other forms of the drug.”
“Photosensitization of singlet oxygen generation in porous silicon (PSi) was investigated by simultaneous measurements of the photoluminescence (PL) of silicon nanocrystals (nc-Si) and the infrared emission of the (1)Delta-state of oxygen molecules at 1270 nm (0.98 eV) at room temperature. Photodegradation of the nc-Si PL properties was found to correlate with the efficiency of singlet oxygen generation. The quantum efficiency of singlet oxygen generation in PSi was

see more estimated to be about 1%, while the lifetime of singlet oxygen was about fifteen ms. The kinetics of nc-Si PL intensity under cw excitation undergoes a power law dependence with the exponent dependent on the photon energy of luminescence. The experimental results are explained with a model of photodegradation controlled by the diffusion of singlet oxygen molecules in a disordered structure of porous silicon. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3586044]“
“The injection-molded specimens of neat HDPE and the PET/HDPE blends were prepared by conventional injection molding (CIM) and by pressure vibration injection P5091 purchase molding (PVIM), respectively. The effect of oscillation pressure and PET phase with different shapes on superstructure and its crystal orientation distribution of injection molded samples were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and two-dimension wide-angle X-ray diffraction techniques (2D-WAXD). Hermans’ orientation functions were determined from the wide-angle X-ray diffraction patterns. With the PET particles added, the shear viscosity of blend increase and crystallization rate of HDPE phase is enhanced.